Life of Penguins

Life of Penguins

When an El Nino hits, the lives of penguins are in peril.  During the 1997 El Nino the penguin population fell by a third. During Climate Change a difference in temperature of at least one degree can be a life and death situation for penguins.  Researchers followed a group of about 15 breeding penguins from 1992 to 2010 on the […]

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How Sea Ice Forms

Sea ice is formed from ocean water that freezes. Because the oceans consist of saltwater, this occurs at about minus 1.8 degrees Celsius (28.8 degrees Fahrenheit). Most Antarctic sea ice occurs annually, meaning it forms in the winter and melts during the summer. Sea ice regulates exchanges of heat, moisture and salinity in the polar oceans. It insulates the relatively warm […]

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Antarctic Fish Have Ice In Their Veins

Scientists have revealed that some fish that thrive in the freezing cold waters of the Antarctic actually have ice in their veins. A protein in their system called notothenioids not only keep the fish from freezing to death, but also keeps ice crystals in their veins. Although the ice crystals would melt at temperatures just slightly above freezing, the fish […]

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Ozone Hole Over Antarctica

Ozone Hole Over Antarctica

The ozone layer is a protector of the earth from ultraviolet radiation from the sun.  According to reports the ozone layer is getting smaller over Antarctica.  The scientists are using satellites and sensors to get information on the measurements of the ozone layer. Since the early 20th century when the emissions of chemical substances called halo-carbons the ozone layer has […]

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